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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク American Enka Company ： ウィキペディア英語版 American Enka Company The American Enka Company, founded in 1928, would become the United States' largest rayon manufacturer. Its research division developed such things as ''Tyrex'' (for the tire cord market), improved rayon and nylon, and by-products for detergent makers and paper mills. It helped bolster the economies of Western North Carolina, West Virginia, Eastern Kentucky, Eastern Tennessee, Northern Georgia and Northern Alabama during the Great Depression and thereafter; its founding in 1928 by Dutch capital led the way for German, Swiss, and British investments in the American South,〔''The Story of American Enka: When the Dutch chose the South'' http://southern.railfan.net/ties/1961/61-10/enka.html〕 and it was one of the companies on the original Fortune 500 list.〔http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune 500_archive/snapshots/1956/2715.html〕 ==Founding== The American Enka Company was established outside of Asheville, North Carolina in late September 1928 by a Dutch firm, the ''Nederlandse Kunstzijdefabriek, N.A.'' (Netherlands Artificial Silk Company). The sound of the initial letters, ''N - K'' in Dutch of the parent firm's name is how ''Enka'' is derived.〔Page 3 of http://southern.railfan.net/ties/1961/61-10/enka.html〕 The Netherlands' ''Nederlandse Kunstzijdefabriek'' was founded by ''Jacques Coenraad Hartogs''〔See: http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Coenraad_Hartogs〕 shortly before World War I. By 1928, it had merged with several other Dutch and German firms, so that Business Week would subsequently describe it as a "giant international textile combine". Already in 1924, it looked toward expanding into the American marketplace. Simultaneously, it and other like manufacturers worldwide were experiencing difficulties with the manufacturing devices to make synthetic fibers because they easily and continually broke down. The Nederlandse Kunstzijdefabriek (ENKA) was a member of the Dutch Chamber of Commerce's heavy industry division whose president at the time was ''Rento Hofstede Crull'',〔See http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rento_Hofstede_Crull〕 the Dutch electrical pioneer who already had founded several companies. Hartogs and Hofstede Crull had become friends over the years; and Hartogs turned to him about the problem with the spinning devices. By May 1925, Hofstede Crull already had formulated a solution for the problem – ''Driving Device For A Centrifugal Spinning Machine''〔http://www.freepatentsonline.com/2089933.html〕 – and filed for patents in the Netherlands on May 6, 1925 and in the United States on May 3, 1926.〔Fully patented in the United States on March 31, 1931 by the United States Patent office, Patent No: 1,798,312; inventor R.W.H.H.Crull; by his international law firm, Marks & Clerk-Electric motor-INT SPINPOT EXPLOITATIE MIJ NV: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?9=cache:A8zrNi-ylgJ:www.freepatentson... (Download PDF 1798312)〕 Thereafter, one of Hofstede Crull's companies, ''De Vijf'' and the ''Nederlandse Kunstzijdefabriek'' formed a joint venture, ''De Internationale Spinpot Exploitatie Maatschappij''(''ISEM'')〔Jaap Tuik. ''Een bijzonder energiek ondernemer - Rento Wolter Hendrik Hofstede Crull (1863-1938): pioneer van de elekriciteits voorziening in Nederland''. Zutphen, Netherlands: Historischcentrumoverijssel & Walburg Pers., 2009. pp.: 137-138 ISBN 90-5730-640-9; also http://www.enke-ede.com/IMSE.htm - Cached Similar (Dutch)〕 to manufacture and market Hofstede Crull's machines. This solution in the mid twenties for the rayon manufacturing problem was the means for the ''Nederlandse Kunstzijdefabriek'' to enter the American market with its subsidiary, the American Enka Company in 1928 and with its creation thereby simultaneously circumventing trade protectism (See AkzoNobel). Two years later, the American Enka Company would become a free standing one. With the death of Hofstede Crull in 1938, the ''ISEM'' was fully integrated with the ''AKU'', the ''Algemene Kunstzijde Unie'' which had resulted when the German ''Vereinigte Glanzstoff-Fabriken'' merged with the ''Nederlandse Kunstzijdefabriek'' in 1929. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「American Enka Company」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.